N. 184 [2021]
Suprema Corte del Popolo
I tribunali superiori del popolo di tutte le province, le regioni autonome e delle municipalità direttamente sotto il controllo del governo centrale, il Tribunale Militare dell’Esercito Popolare di Liberazione e il ramo del corpo armato di produzione e costruzione del tribunale superiore del popolo della regione autonoma uigura dello Xinjiang:
Dal XVIII Congresso Nazionale del Partito Comunista Cinese, sotto la guida del Comitato Centrale del Partito con al centro il compagno Xi Jinping, i tribunali del popolo hanno continuato ad approfondire le riforme del sistema giudiziario ed il dialogo con gli organi giudiziari internazionali. Il sistema giudiziario socialista con caratteristiche cinesi è diventato più maturo e completo. L’immagine e l’influenza internazionale del sistema giudiziario cinese è in continua crescita.
Completata la revisione della Legge organica dei Tribunali del popolo e della Legge sui giudici, è necessario confermare le traduzioni in inglese dei risultati delle riforme giudiziarie. Con l’accelerazione delle riforme e delle aperture di livello superiore, c’è stato un approfondimento costante della cooperazione e del dialogo giudiziario internazionale, un aumento delle attività di assistenza giudiziale e di casi con elementi di estraneità, si rende dunque necessario uniformare la traduzione inglese della struttura organizzativa, della dicitura delle funzioni e dei luoghi di lavoro dei tribunali del popolo.
Al fine di attuare le importanti istruzioni del Segretario Generale Xi Jinping sul rafforzamento della capacità di comunicazione internazionale del paese, promuovere la propaganda all’estero dello stato di diritto, raccontare le storie edificanti dello stato di diritto cinese, migliorare il dialogo e la cooperazione internazionale dei tribunali del popolo di nuova era e il meccanismo processuali per i casi con elementi di estraneità, promuovere ad un livello ancora più elevato le riforme e le aperture, la Suprema Corte del Popolo ha ampiamente sollecitato opinioni ed ha standardizzato la traduzione inglese della struttura organizzativa, della dicitura delle funzioni e dei luoghi di lavoro dei tribunali del popolo, ed ora procede alla loro pubblicazione. Si prega di darne attuazione nel dialogo e cooperazione internazionale, nei processi per i casi con elementi di estraneità, e nelle diciture bilingue. Contestualmente si abroga l'”Avviso sulla regolamentazione della dicitura dei tribunali e delle funzioni del personale giudiziario” n. 230 [2004].
Suprema Corte del Popolo, 19/07/2021
Traduzione inglese della struttura organizzativa, della dicitura delle funzioni e dei luoghi di lavoro dei tribunali del popolo
1. Nome dei tribunali
（1）中华人民共和国最高人民法院 Suprema Corte del Popolo della Repubblica Popolare Cinese
The Supreme People’s Court of the People’s Republic of China
Abbreviazione：The Supreme People’s Court of P.R.C. (SPC)
（2）高级人民法院 Tribunali superiori del poplo
Esempio：
北京市高级人民法院
The High People’s Court of Beijing Municipality
Abbreviazione：Beijing High People’s Court
河北省高级人民法院
The High People’s Court of Hebei Province
Abbreviazione：Hebei High People’s Court
内蒙古自治区高级人民法院
The High People’s Court of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
Abbreviazione：Inner Mongolia High People’s Court
（3）中级人民法院 Tribunali intermedi del popolo
Esempio：
上海市第一中级人民法院
The First Intermediate People’s Court of Shanghai Municipality
Abbreviazione：Shanghai First Intermediate People’s Court
海南省第一中级人民法院
The First Intermediate People’s Court of Hainan Province
Abbreviazione：Hainan First Intermediate People’s Court
陕西省西安市中级人民法院
The Intermediate People’s Court of Xi’an City of Shaanxi Province
Abbreviazione：Xi’an Intermediate People’s Court, Shaanxi
河北雄安新区中级人民法院
The Intermediate People’s Court of Xiong’an New Area of Hebei Province
Abbreviazione：Xiong’an Intermediate People’s Court, Hebei
湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州中级人民法院
The Intermediate People’s Court of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Hunan Province
Abbreviazione：Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Intermediate People’s Court, Hunan
湖北省汉江中级人民法院
Hanjiang Intermediate People’s Court of Hubei Province
Abbreviazione：Hanjiang Intermediate People’s Court, Hubei
辽宁省辽河中级人民法院
Liaohe Intermediate People’s Court of Liaoning Province
Abbreviazione：Liaohe Intermediate People’s Court, Liaoning
太原铁路运输中级法院
The Railway Transportation Intermediate Court of Taiyuan
Abbreviazione：Taiyuan Railway Transportation Intermediate Court
吉林省长春林区中级人民法院
The Intermediate People’s Court of Changchun Forest Area of Jilin Province
Abbreviazione：Changchun Forest Area Intermediate People’s Court, Jilin
甘肃矿区人民法院
The Intermediate People’s Court of Gansu Mining Area
Abbreviazione：Gansu Mining Area Intermediate People’s Court
黑龙江省农垦中级法院
The Intermediate Court of the Reclamation Area of Heilongjiang Province
简称：Heilongjiang Reclamation Area Intermediate Court
（4）基层人民法院 Tribunali di base del popolo
Esempio：
北京市海淀区人民法院
The Primary People’s Court of Haidian District of Beijing Municipality
Abbreviazione：Haidian Primary People’s Court, Beijing
湖北省武汉市江汉区人民法院
The Primary People’s Court of Jianghan District of Wuhan City, Hubei Province
Abbreviazione：Jianghan Primary People’s Court, Wuhan, Hubei
浙江省慈溪市人民法院
The Primary People’s Court of Cixi City of Zhejiang Province
Abbreviazione：Cixi Primary People’s Court, Zhejiang
河北省滦县人民法院
The Primary People’s Court of Luanxian County of Hebei Province
Abbreviazione：Luanxian Primary People’s Court, Hebei
广东省东莞市第一人民法院
The First Primary People’s Court of Dongguan City of Guangdong Province
Abbreviazione：Dongguan First Primary People’s Court, Guangdong
贵州省威宁彝族回族苗族自治县人民法院
The Primary People’s Court of Weining Yi, Hui and Miao Autonomous County of Guizhou Province
Abbreviazione：Weining Yi, Hui and Miao Primary People’s Court, Guizhou
天津自由贸易试验区人民法院
The Primary People’s Court of Tianjin Pilot Free Trade Zone
Abbreviazione：Tianjin Pilot Free Trade Zone Primary People’s Court
福建省平潭综合实验区人民法院
The Primary People’s Court of Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Zone of Fujian Province
Abbreviazione：Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Zone Primary People’s Court, Fujian
江西省南昌高新技术产业开发区人民法院
The Primary People’s Court of Nanchang High-Tech Industrial Development Zone of Jiangxi Province
Abbreviazione：Nanchang High-Tech Industrial Development Zone Primary People’s Court, Jiangxi
重庆两江新区人民法院
The Primary People’s Court of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area
Abbreviazione：Chongqing Liangjiang New Area Primary People’s Court
四川天府新区成都片区人民法院
The Primary People’s Court of Tianfu New Area (Chengdu) of Sichuan Province
Abbreviazione：Tianfu New Area (Chengdu) Primary People’s Court， Sichuan
广东省深圳深汕特别合作区人民法院
The Primary People’s Court of Shenzhen-Shanwei Special Cooperation Zone of Shenzhen City of Guangdong Province
Abbreviazione：Shenzhen-Shanwei Special Cooperation Zone Primary People’s Court, Shenzhen, Guangdong
广东省深圳前海合作区人民法院
The Primary People’s Court of Qianhai Cooperation Zone of Shenzhen City of Guangdong Province
Abbreviazione：Qianhai Cooperation Zone Primary People’s Court, Shenzhen, Guangdong
杭州互联网法院
Hangzhou Internet Court
合肥铁路运输法院
The Railway Transportation Primary Court of Hefei
Abbreviazione：Hefei Railway Transportation Primary Court
吉林省白石山林区基层法院
The Primary Court of Baishishan Forest Area of Jilin Province
Abbreviazione：Baishishan Forest Area Primary Court, Jilin
（5）新疆兵团法院 Tribunale del corpo militare della regione autonoma uigura dello Xinjiang
Esempio：
新疆维吾尔自治区高级人民法院生产建设兵团分院
The Production and Construction Corps Branch of the High People’s Court of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
Abbreviazione：Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Branch High People’s Court
新疆生产建设兵团第十四师中级人民法院
The Intermediate People’s Court of the Fourteenth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
Abbreviazione：Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Fourteenth Division Intermediate People’s Court
新疆生产建设兵团哈密垦区人民法院
The Primary People’s Court of Kumul Reclamation Area of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
Abbreviazione：Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Kumul Reclamation Area Primary People’s Court
（6）专门人民法院 Tribunali speciali del popolo
1. 军事法院
Esempio：
中国人民解放军军事法院
The Military Court of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army
Abbreviazione：The PLA Military Court
中国人民解放军东部战区军事法院
The Military Court of the Eastern Theater Command of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army
Abbreviazione：The PLA Eastern Theater Command Military Court
中国人民解放军西部战区第一军事法院
The First Military Court of the Western Theater Command of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army
Abbreviazione：The PLA Western Theater Command First Military Court
中国人民解放军上海军事法院
The Military Court of Shanghai of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army
Abbreviazione：The PLA Shanghai Military Court
中国人民解放军驻港部队军事法院
The Military Court of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison
Abbreviazione：The PLA Hongkong Garrison Military Court
2. 海事法院 Tribunali marittimi
Esempio：
大连海事法院
Dalian Maritime Court
3. 知识产权法院 Tribunale della proprietà intellettuale
Esempio：
北京知识产权法院
Beijing Intellectual Property Court
海南自由贸易港知识产权法院
Hainan Free Trade Port Intellectual Property Court
4. 金融法院 Tribunale finanziario
Esempio：
上海金融法院
Shanghai Financial Court
2. Organi interni dei tribunali
（1）Organi processuali
立案庭
Case-Filing Division
立案一庭
The First Case-Filing Division
诉讼服务中心
Litigation Service Center
诉调对接中心
Mediation-Litigation Coordination Center
刑事审判庭
Criminal Division
刑事审判第一庭
The First Criminal Division
民事审判庭
Civil Division
民事审判第一庭
The First Civil Division
环境资源审判庭
Environment and Resources Division
行政审判庭
Administrative Division
综合审判庭
Comprehensive Division
房产审判庭
Real Estate Division
劳动争议审判庭
Labor Disputes Division
家事审判庭
Family Division
商事审判庭
Commercial Division
金融审判庭
Financial Division
破产及清算审判庭
Bankruptcy and Liquidation Division
知识产权审判庭
Intellectual Property Division
少年审判庭
Juvenile Division
互联网案件审判庭
Internet Disputes Division
审判监督庭
Judicial Supervision Division
赔偿委员会办公室
State Compensation Division
执行局
Enforcement Department
执行裁决庭
Enforcement Disputes Division
执行一庭
The First Enforcement Division
执行指挥中心
Enforcement Command Center
最高人民法院第一巡回法庭
The First Circuit Court of the SPC
最高人民法院第一国际商事法庭
The First International Commercial Court of the SPC
最高人民法院知识产权法庭
The Intellectual Property Court of the SPC
（2）Corti popolari e corti speciali
人民法庭
Dispatched People’s Tribunal
上海破产法庭
Shanghai Bankruptcy Tribunal
深圳金融法庭
Shenzhen Financial Tribunal
杭州知识产权法庭
Hangzhou Intellectual Property Tribunal
海南第一涉外民商事法庭
Hainan First Foreign-Related Civil and Commercial Tribunal
苏州国际商事法庭
Suzhou International Commercial Tribunal
南京环境资源法庭
Nanjing Environment and Resources Tribunal
成都互联网法庭
Chengdu Internet Tribunal
青岛海事法院石岛法庭
Shidao Tribunal of Qingdao Maritime Court
（3）Altri organi interni
办公厅/办公室/综合办公室
General Office
政治部
Political Department
组织人事部/处
Personnel and Organization Division
干部处
Personnel Division
法官管理部/处
Judges Management Division
宣传教育部/处
Publicity and Training Division
教育培训处
Education and Training Division
司法警察管理局
Judicial Police Management Department
司法警察总队
Judicial Police Corps
司法警察支队
Judicial Police Branch
司法警察大队
Judicial Police Group
研究室
Research Office
审判管理办公室
Adjudication Management Office
督察局
Discipline and Supervision Department
国际合作局
International Cooperation Department
外事处
Foreign Affairs Division
外事科、外事办公室
Foreign Affairs Office
司法行政装备管理局
Judicial Administration and Equipment Management Department
司法行政装备管理处
Judicial Administration and Equipment Management Division
机关党委
Party-Related Affairs Department
离退休干部局
Retirees’Affairs Department
离退休干部处
Retirees’ Affairs Division
司法改革办公室
Judicial Reform Office
新闻局
Information Department
宣传处/法宣处
Information Division
新闻办公室
Information Office
国家法官学院
National Judges College
中国司法案例研究院
China Judicial Cases Institute
国家法官学院地方分院 Sezioni locali dell’Accademia nazionale dei giudici
Esempio：
国家法官学院北京分院
Beijing Branch of National Judges College
中国应用法学研究所
China Applied Jurisprudence Institute
中国法院博物馆
China Court Museum
人民法院新闻传媒总社
People’s Court News and Media Agency
人民法院出版社
People’s Court Press
机关服务中心
Logistic Service Center
人民法院信息技术服务中心
Information Technology Service Center of People’s Court
中国司法大数据研究院
China Judicial Big Data Institute
信息管理处
Information Management Division
技术室
Technology Office
司法技术处
Forensic Science Management Division
中国法官协会
China Judges Association
Associazioni provinciali e cittadine dei giudici
Esempio：北京市法官协会
Judges Association of Beijing Municipality
四川省法官协会
Judges Association of Sichuan Province
中国女法官协会
China Women Judges Association
中央纪委国家监委驻最高人民法院纪检监察组
the Discipline Inspection and Supervision Office of the CCDI and the NCS at the SPC
法官权益保障委员会
Judges Rights and Interests Committee
法官考评委员会
Judges Assessment Committee
3. Organi giudicanti, Collegi giudicanti e meccanismi operativi
审判委员会
Adjudication Committee
赔偿委员会
The State Compensation Committee
合议庭
Collegial Bench
独任庭
Sole Judge
审判团队
Judge Team
专业法官会议
Judges Conference
4. Giudici
（一）首席大法官
Chief Justice
（二）大法官
Justice
（三）高级法官、法官
Judge
（注：对外交流中，大法官、高级法官、法官原则上不再细分级别，中英文均不标出。）
5. Mansioni del tribunale e classificazione del personale
院长
President
主管日常工作的副院长
Executive Vice President
副院长
Vice President
政治部主任
Head of Political Department
中央纪委国家监委驻最高人民法院纪检监察组组长
Chief Inspector of the Discipline Inspection and Supervision Office of the CCDI and the NCS at the SPC
审判委员会专职委员
Standing Member of the Adjudication Committee
(Nota: Quando si esprime in inglese la posizione di un membro a tempo pieno del Comitato giudiziario della Suprema Corte del popolo People bisogna anteporre “Justice”.)
审判委员会委员
Member of the Adjudication Committee
庭长
Chief Judge
副庭长
Deputy Chief Judge
审判长
Presiding Judge
局长、副局长（局级主任、副主任）
Director General, Deputy Director General
处长、副处长（处级主任、副主任）
Director, Deputy Director
科长、副科长（科级主任、副主任）
Section Chief, Deputy Section Chief
司法警察
Judicial Police
法官助理
Judge Assistant
(Nota: nel dialogo con l’estero, in linea di principio gli assistenti dei giudici non vanno suddivisi in ulteriori ranghi, vanno omessi in cinese e in inglese)
书记员
Clerk
人民陪审员
People’s Assessor
技术调查官
Technical Investigation Officer
速录员
Court Recorder
6. Luoghi di lavoro e zone
审判法庭
Courtroom
科技法庭
e-Courtroom
第一法庭
The First Courtroom
电子卷宗阅览室
e-File Room
律师工作室
Lawyers’ Room
远程接访室
Remote Reception Room
接谈室
Reception Room
院长接待室
President’s Reception Room
听证室
Hearing Room
调解室
Mediation Room
12368热线服务室
12368 Hotline Service Room
诉讼综合服务室
Litigation Service Room
多元化纠纷解决中心
Diversified Dispute Resolution Center (DDR Center)
申诉信访服务大厅
Complaint and Petition Service Hall
诉讼服务大厅
Litigation Service Hall
自助诉讼服务台
Self-Service Litigation Counter
电子阅卷终端
e-File Reading Terminal
7. Targhe della corte
审判长
Presiding Judge
审判员
Judge
人民陪审员
People’s Assessor
调解员
Mediator
法官助理
Judge Assistant
技术调查官
Technical Investigation Officer
书记员
Clerk
原告
Plaintiff
公益诉讼起诉人
Plaintiff of Public Interest Litigation
被告
Defendant
第三人
Third Party
公诉人
Prosecutor
附带民事诉讼原告人
Plaintiff of Collateral Civil Action
被告人
The Accused
辩护人
Defender
上诉人
Appellant
被上诉人
Appellee
原审原告
Plaintiff of First Instance
原审被告
Defendant of First Instance
原审第三人
Third Party of First Instance
再审申请人
Applicant for Retrial
被申请人
Respondent
申请执行人
Applicant for Enforcement
被执行人
Party Subject to Enforcement
请求人
Claimant
被请求人
Respondent
专利权人
Patentee
商标权人
Trademark Holder
著作权人
Copyright Holder
无效宣告请求人
Invalidation Petitioner
被诉侵权人
The Accused Infringer
证人
Witness
鉴定人、专家辅助人
Expert Witness
旁听席
Public Gallery
媒体席
Media
司法警察
Judicial Police
